The diet for pancreatitis depends on whether the disease is acute or chronic. Do not forget that inflammation of the pancreas is no small matter, as it plays an important role in the digestion, metabolism and assimilation of substances (proteins, carbohydrates and fats). Therefore, immediately after diagnosis, it is necessary to make significant changes to your diet. Otherwise, even the latest generation of drugs will be powerless.
Acute (reactive) pancreatitis
As the name suggests, the disease occurs suddenly (usually immediately after eating irritating foods). Symptoms: burning pain in the abdomen, fever, nausea, vomiting. Risk factors: lack of protein in the diet, overeating, abusing alcohol, smoking, fatty, spicy, fried, very cold or very hot foods, sparkling water. Sometimes the disease is a consequence of gallstone disease and chronic cholecystitis.
Nutrition for acute (reactive) pancreatitis in adults and children aims to ensure maximum rest for the suffering pancreas and, at the same time, reduce pancreatic and gastric secretions. And here's what the patient's sequence of actions should be:
- First 2-4 days after exacerbation.It is recommended not to eat anything, but only use medicinal mineral waters in small sips and in small amounts.
- From the 5th day.Gradually and very carefully, we expanded the diet menu for pancreatitis. For this, it is recommended to adhere to the 5P treatment table.
- For 6-7 days.We include jam, viscous soups, kefir, liquid porridge (except corn), steamed chicken, meat and fish chops, mashed potatoes and other cooked and stewed vegetables, weak tea, roasted or mashed apples, rosehip broth.
Features of the diet and sample menu
Regardless of where the patient is referred for pancreatitis treatment - to a sanatorium or home, he must adhere to diet number 5, which is based on the following principles:
- The daily rate of vegetable proteins - 30 g, animal proteins - 50 g, vegetable fats - 15 g, animal fats - 45 g and carbohydrates - 200 g. The total calorie intake for pancreatitis should not exceed 2500-2700 kcal per day. The amount of liquid you drink is 1, 5 liters, the salt is 10 g.
- For the first two weeks, we cook dishes without salt.
- We eat at least 5-6 times a day in small portions to eliminate the risk of overeating.
- The temperature of cooked food should be between 45 and 60 degrees.
- The consistency of the dishes is liquid, semi-liquid, that is, just puree.
A diet for acute pancreatitis implies a complete exclusion from the menu for a long period (almost a year) of smoked meats, fried foods, marinades and pickles, sour cream, lard, canned food, muffins and fresh bread, cream, alcohol. Compliance with all the above recommendations can prevent the disease from developing in a chronic way! An example of a menu for the day might look like this:
- Breakfast:steamed omelet, herculean porridge puree with water, weak tea.
- Second breakfast:cheese with milk.
- Lunch:buckwheat soup, stew of cooked meat, apple jam.
- Dinner:steamed fish chops, carrot puree, rosehip broth.
- In the evening:kefir.
Chronic pancreatitis
This disease has another extremely unattractive name - pre-diabetes. In fact, if you have passed the acute stage unfavorably (in the absence of proper treatment), then diabetes mellitus may become the next step. This disease is characterized by two alternating stages - exacerbation and remission. Therefore, pancreatitis nutrition aims to relieve the inflammatory process and, consequently, translate the disease into a remission phase.
So from now on, your diet will be a nutritional system for life. And there is nothing you can do about it. You can still take diet number 5 as a base, whose basic principles we continue to strictly observe. The diet with exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis is again a return to the first three stages (fasting with mineral water and still according to the list above).
Approved products:
- milk, yogurt, kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese, soft cheese;
- porridge (buckwheat, oats, rice), pasta;
- vegetables (potatoes, carrots, squash, zucchini, beets, etc. );
- wheat biscuits or old white bread;
- meat (veal, chicken, rabbit, turkey), lean fish;
- baked apples, fruit jellies, red fruit sauces;
- oat broth, fruit drink, non-acid fruit juices, chamomile tea;
- vegetable broths and puree soups, celery juice.
Prohibited products:
- sour fruits, fresh cabbage, vegetables;
- spinach, sorrel, radish, radish;
- spices and herbs;
- fresh bread, pastries, sweets;
- sausages, smoked meats, canned food, eggs;
- meat, fish broths, cabbage soup, borsch;
- alcohol, sweet carbonated drinks;
- sweets, ice cream, sour cream, sour cream;
- fried foods.